Text -- Isaiah 30:1-10 (NET)

Egypt Will Prove Unreliable

30:1 “The rebellious children are as good as dead,” says the Lord, “those who make plans without consulting me, who form alliances without consulting my Spirit, and thereby compound their sin. 30:2 They travel down to Egypt without seeking my will, seeking Pharaoh’s protection, and looking for safety in Egypt’s protective shade. 30:3 But Pharaoh’s protection will bring you nothing but shame, and the safety of Egypt’s protective shade nothing but humiliation. 30:4 Though his officials are in Zoan and his messengers arrive at Hanes, 30:5 all will be put to shame because of a nation that cannot help them, who cannot give them aid or help, but only shame and disgrace.” 30:6 This is a message about the animals in the Negev: Through a land of distress and danger, inhabited by lionesses and roaring lions, by snakes and darting adders, they transport their wealth on the backs of donkeys, their riches on the humps of camels, to a nation that cannot help them. 30:7 Egypt is totally incapable of helping. For this reason I call her ‘Proud one who is silenced.’” 30:8 Now go, write it down on a tablet in their presence, inscribe it on a scroll, so that it might be preserved for a future time as an enduring witness. 30:9 For these are rebellious people– they are lying children, children unwilling to obey the Lord’s law. 30:10 They say to the visionaries, “See no more visions!” and to the seers, “Don’t relate messages to us about what is right! Tell us nice things, relate deceptive messages.

Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Isa 30:1

¹ tn Or “stubborn” (NCV); cf. NIV “obstinate.”

² tn Heb “Woe [to] rebellious children.”

³ tn Heb “making a plan, but not from me.”

⁴ tn Heb “and pouring out a libation, but not [from] my spirit.” This translation assumes that the verb נָסַךְ (nasakh) means “pour out,” and that the cognate noun מַסֵּכָה (massekhah) means “libation.” In this case “pouring out a libation” alludes to a ceremony that formally ratifies an alliance. Another option is to understand the verb נָסַךְ as a homonym meaning “weave,” and the cognate noun מַסֵּכָה as a homonym meaning “covering.” In this case forming an alliance is likened to weaving a garment.

⁵ tn Heb “consequently adding sin to sin.”

NET Notes: Isa 30:2

¹ tn Heb “those who go to descend to Egypt, but [of] my mouth they do not inquire.”

² tn Heb “to seek protection in the protection of Pharaoh, and to seek refuge in the shade of Egypt.”

NET Notes: Isa 30:4

¹ sn This probably refers to Judah’s officials and messengers.

² sn Zoan was located in the Egyptian delta in the north; Hanes was located somewhere in southern region of lower Egypt, south of Memphis; the exact location is debated.

NET Notes: Isa 30:5

¹ tn The present translation follows the marginal (Qere) reading of the Hebrew text; the consonantal text (Kethib) has “made to stink, decay.”

NET Notes: Isa 30:6

¹ tn Traditionally, “burden” (so KJV, ASV); NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV “oracle.”

² tc Heb “[a land of] a lioness and a lion, from them.” Some emend מֵהֶם (mehem, “from them”) to מֵהֵם (mehem), an otherwise unattested Hiphil participle from הָמַם (hamam, “move noisily”). Perhaps it would be better to take the initial mem (מ) as enclitic and emend the form to הֹמֶה (homeh), a Qal active participle from הָמָה (hamah, “to make a noise”); cf. J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:542, n. 9.

³ tn Heb “flying fiery one.” See the note at 14:29.

⁴ tn Or “carry” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).

⁵ sn This verse describes messengers from Judah transporting wealth to Egypt in order to buy Pharaoh’s protection through a treaty.

NET Notes: Isa 30:7

¹ tn Heb “As for Egypt, with vanity and emptiness they help.”

² tn Heb “Rahab” (רַהַב, rahav), which also appears as a name for Egypt in Ps 87:4. The epithet is also used in the OT for a mythical sea monster symbolic of chaos. See the note at 51:9. A number of English versions use the name “Rahab” (e.g., ASV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV) while others attempt some sort of translation (cf. CEV “a helpless monster”; TEV, NLT “the Harmless Dragon”).

³ tn The MT reads “Rahab, they, sitting.” The translation above assumes an emendation of הֵם שָׁבֶת (hem shavet) to הַמָּשְׁבָּת (hammashbat), a Hophal participle with prefixed definite article, meaning “the one who is made to cease,” i.e., “destroyed,” or “silenced.” See HALOT 444-45 s.v. ישׁב.

NET Notes: Isa 30:8

¹ tn The referent of the third feminine singular pronominal suffix is uncertain. Perhaps it refers to the preceding message, which accuses the people of rejecting the Lord’s help in favor of an alliance with Egypt.

² tn Heb “with them.” On the use of the preposition here, see BDB 86 s.v. II אֵת.

³ sn Recording the message will enable the prophet to use it in the future as evidence that God warned his people of impending judgment and clearly spelled out the nation’s guilt. An official record of the message will also serve as proof of the prophet’s authority as God’s spokesman.

NET Notes: Isa 30:9

¹ tn Or perhaps, “instruction” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV); NCV, TEV “teachings.”

NET Notes: Isa 30:10

¹ tn Heb “who” (so NASB, NRSV). A new sentence was started here in the translation for stylistic reasons.

² tn Heb “Do not see for us right things.”

³ tn Heb “Tell us smooth things, see deceptive things.”